Vincent van Goghs Life and Accomplishments - 740 Words

Vincent van Gogh is one of the most famous artists of all time. He was born in 1853, in the town Groot-Zundert, Netherlands. He inherited his artistic abilities from his mother, who was also a very talented artist by the name of Anna Cornelia Carbentus. Van Gogh is well known for having psychological problems. His problems began at a really young age and it is something that he battled with all throughout his life, and it is revealed in his artwork. Although van Gogh is one of the most famous artists of all time, very few people were familiar with his work until after his death. Very few people knew of Vincent van Gogh until after his passing, but during his ten year art career he created quite the collection. â€Å"Van Gogh produced about†¦show more content†¦(Dewitte 2012) Vincent van Gogh battled with psychological and emotional problems beginning at a very young age in his life which eventually led to suicide at the age of 37. Exactly one year before he was born, his mother gave birth to a stillborn child with the same name. Growing up having to see his name and birthday on a headstone caused some real emotional distress is the young artist’s life. Van Gogh had his first mental breakdown after the woman he loved refused to marry him. Afterwards he devoted himself to God and dabbled in ministry for a little while until he refused to take the entrance exams into priesthood because he didn’t like the latin language, and forced to find a new occupation away from preaching. That is when he took up art as a profession. His brother, Theo, sponsored him as he was getting started. Vincent van Gogh had a terribly sad love life. He always fell in love with women whom he thought he could help. He fell in love with a widowed cousin but she wasn†™t interested in him and ran away. He then fell in love with an alcoholic prostitute, and van Gogh became deeply depressed when she took up prostitution again. His parents had to threat to cut off his money supply if he didn’t leave the prostitute and that town. For several weeks after this, van Gogh traveled around from place to place painting the land and its people. Also, the night before he died he visited another prostitute and paid her by cutting off his ear. WhenShow MoreRelatedThe Starry Night By Vincent Van Gogh1582 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding the Arts Thesis Question 11-07-14 Vincent van Gogh One of my favorite pieces of art growing up was The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh was a man of his times, but what was his life like? Van Gogh had a religious upbringing and was originally going to be a minister as his occupation. But my main focus and what I want to know, is what were the influences on his life and how did they affect his painting? Between all of these things van Gogh had many influences. The religiousRead MoreThe Stars in Van Goghs World 774 Words   |  3 PagesThe Stars in Van Gogh’s World â€Å"I often think that the night is more alive and more richly colored than the day .† He demonstrated this ideal through his painting â€Å"The Starry Night,† one of the most iconic paintings of nineteenth century. Through this painting, Vincent van Gogh shared a very personal experience with the viewer. The nature of the night became a symbolic image to van Gogh. The representation of the small town resembles the small scale of human life. The Church points directly upwardRead MoreSigns and Symbols Art Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pagesartist can transmit their message, using signs and symbols. This essay will consider two artists that work are defined as being characterised by signs and symbols and use art as means of communicating with the world they live in; Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890) and Australian artist Brett Whiteley (1939-1992). Signs and symbols form the basis of how art is observed and interpreted. They represent an idea that an artist is trying to convey to their audience. Signs and symbols can be inRead MorePlaying God: Interpreting The Doctor’s Dilemma Set Design at Shaw Festival 20101029 Words   |  5 Pageswithin the Christian faith. The right side is generally symbolized as the side of good and righteousness, whilst the left is characterized as perverse and corrupt. Expanding upon this theme in the first act, MacDonald implemented three larger-than-life x-ray portraits to transform the entire stage into an aesthetic depiction of the human ventral cavity. The portraits on stages left and right were dominated by the image of x-rayed arms extending towards the stage floor. The exclusion of the handsRead MoreCorrelations between Creativity and Mental Illness Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesassociate mental illness with great creative art. 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Around the end of World War II a group of U.S volunteer historians, architects and, art experts were sent into war zones to recover

Motivation To International Business Free Essays

Domestic market: VOSCO will still be the biggest shipping company especially in bulk and dry bulk cargo transportation while continuing to develop oil and container shipping International market: VOSCO tend to be more active and concentrate on seaborne trade within Asian Region (such as Korea, China, Indonesia†¦) as well as furthering other freight routes all over the world (Africa, Europe and America). Motivation why VOSCO want to expand their market to foreign market because Currently the demand of shipping in Vietnam is limited and just holds a minor part. So VOSCO certainly will need to enter foreign markets to get more profit and customers (sources of cargo-supply in long term) and utilize the fleet capacity (bulk, tanker and container ships) as well as reduce the inventory cost and promote economies of scale. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation To International Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the near future demand for import-export from regional countries and the amount of cargo in international shipping expects to rise tremendously in the near future. According to UNDESA 2012, worldwide commercial good transported by sea will increase by 36% in 2020 and double the gross tonnage by 2033, especially bulk cargo still remain as the major – which is also the strength of VOSCO fleet. The barriers to entrance foreign market are reduced or eliminated when Vietnam joined ASEAN and WTO recently: VN has been a member of WTO since 2007, commercial relations with over 220 countries and territories, sign 88 bilateral trade agreements, establish 7 FTA with 15 countries. So removes significantly trade barriers and is good condition for Vietnamese companies, specifically VOSCO to enter foreign markets. VOSCO has a lot of good competitive advantages to develop further like: low-cost and skilled crew (seafarers), good related and supporting system such as shipbuilding industry, ports†¦ (VOSCO is a member of VINALINE)†¦ Moreover the company can manage and exploit their own fleets therefore positively seek to customers and participate in international market without dependence on other partners. In addition, VOSCO officially takes part in foreign market also means the company have to deal with a lot of threat. The biggest one is the competition from much bigger rivals around us such as COSCO, Hanjin†¦ in both price and quality wars, then other threats emerging from the host country like culture, policy and currency. Now move to factors this company should consider in shaping their strategies to compete in foreign market. We did mention that China and Indonesia can be potential foreign market so let’s take a look at some external environmental analysis of them: Political Factor: both Indonesia and China are considered as stable political environment, unlikely the high political risk in Africa. Tariffs are high but on decreasing slope. The recent dispute on The East Sea between China and some countries including Vietnam may not affect too much on trade between countries. Economic Factor: both countries are in trillion dollar GDP club. Currently China’s economy is the second biggest economy in the world and Indonesia ranks 15th. Especially FDI plays a vital role in China and Indonesia growth rate. Trade between these two countries with other all over the world continues to rise significantly regardless of the bad impact of public debt in Europe economy. Socio-cultural Factor: Population in Indonesia and China is extremely high not only in Asia but in the world. However there’s a big difference between these culture, especially in religion(major religion in China is Buddhism but Indonesia is Muslim) Technological Factor: Transport system and Communication System in these countries are effective and highly developed compared with other in region. From this analysis we can see that the company should choose a proper method to access the market. We think the way of merger and acquisition or integration with a local freight forwarder would be efficient because setting up a new affiliate is risky (postponement). Nevertheless setting up subsidiary or using will help the firm take the initiative in linking with local customers. Beside that VOSCO should focus on its own strength in shaping other strategies. Generic competitive strategies: Focus on market niche will be a good choice because VOSCO now take advantage in dry and bulk cargo transportation. It also means mineral, grain and other agricultural product will be the major commodity. In shaping the production strategy, there are two main factors: fleet and logistics service. Like we said before, VOSCO should renew and upgrade regularly their quality and functionality fleet to meet the international transport demand. For example: Firstly, technical improvement in ship sizes and draft is required (international coal shipping require 30,000 – 70,000 DWT vessels; demand for regional rice shipping currently concentrate on under 10,000 DWT vessels but in the near future it will increase to 20,000 – 30,000 DWT) Secondly, standardization factor (the problem of registry – Vietnamese registered vessel may satisfy the operation standard but in fact it is unfavorable in international transport because standards by VR may not strict enough). The factor of logistics activities in both home and host country is very important. Investing in logistics infrastructure such as warehouse, inland transportation†¦ in China or Indonesia should be a long-term objective. Initially it should be integration with local providers. Expanding business in foreign market certainly need to consider factors in human resources. Integration can be seen as the first step before MA process. Initially local shipping agent and logistics provider will run totally by local employees (inpatriate) then gradually replaced by our expatriates especially the top position. Therefore selection, training and development those expatriates will play an important role (Ex: Culture: China – Indonesia). Secondly VOSCO must set up a competitive compensation package to motivate them and finally a proper relocation policy. Move to financial issues, initially the company should not consider the financial objective as the most important. Instead, the outcome better focus on (which is reflected by customer satisfaction). Another factor is the source of fund for the subsidiary. Depend on the (high) IR and exchange rate in both China and Indonesia, it’ll be better if the fund depends on both parent company and local borrowing and they uses the most common method: dividend remittance to pay back the parent firm. Finally regular financial report to the VOSCO headquarter is necessary in order to hedge the risk and develop their own financial strategy. The last but not least is containerization. Expand the business focusing on dry and bulk cargo market doesn’t mean we skip the container market. Like I said, this is a long-term objective because the current inefficiency of VOSCO container vessels. Therefore, profit from bulk cargo shipping can be reinvested in developing container lines services in the future. How to cite Motivation To International Business, Papers

Legislative Consistencies and Inconsistencies - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Legislative Consistencies and Inconsistencies. Answer: Introduction In the modern era, selection of appropriate tools and techniques of marketing is crucial for the success of an enterprise. Furthermore, the use of marketing and sales tactics assists in enhancing the overall visibility of brand in the marketplace(Percy 2014). Companies are also able to improve areas such as brand recognition, awareness and the overall degree of customer loyalty. The use of marketing can help organizations to gain a competitive advantage over other market players. The present research reflects the overall environmental analysis of Woolworths supermarket. The retail chain was founded in the year 1924, and it is considered as a market leader in supermarket industry of Australia(Percy 2014). The objective and goals of Woolworths are mentioned in this study. On the other side of this, the marketing mix and sales strategy employed by the selected organization is also highlighted in this report. In todays corporate era, the importance of good marketing/industry analysis cannot be neglected. Companies operating at small, medium and large scale are required to carry out effective analysis of the market or industry in which they carry out their business operations. Analysis of marketing environment at frequent interval is essential for long term sustainability of a business enterprise(Greenland et al. 2016). On the other hand, marketing analysis also supports in identifying the changing demand of customers and gaps in the market. An effective analysis of industry or market supports in the getting economic overview and identify the opportunities of growth in the market. At present, the grocery and supermarket industry of Australia is highly competitive and the annual revenue growth of the industry is 4.2%. The current value of Australian supermarket industry is $105.3 billion and it is expected that in the year 2016 to 2017, the industry will grow with the rate of 3.3% (IBIS World 2017). The key reason behind such adequate growth rate can be termed as the effective strategies which have been employed by the businesses operating in the industry. These strategies have helped companies to create more demand among people in the market and attract them to by the products and services offered. Over the past few years, there has been a significant rise in the demand for private label products ranges in the entire industry. The result of this is that the organizations have been able to find better and more potential opportunities in terms of growth and development(Jaafar et al. 2016). Nowadays, businesses operating in the supermarket and grocery industry of Australia are also focusing on developing and offering private labelled products. The rationale behind this is that these products can offer better margins and thus, contributes a lot to enhancing the volume of profits(Taylor 2016). Competitive Analysis Fierce competition is the term which can be used for the supermarket and grocery industry of Australia(Hingley, Lindgreen Grant 2015). Over the past few years, Coles and Woolworths were the dominating players in the industry. However, entry of Aldi and Lidl in the market has adversely affected the overall market share of Coles and Woolworths. The growth rate of the industry has attracted new players to enter the market and attain the desired volume of sales(Blakeman 2014). At present, the entry of discounted retailers such as Costco and Aldi has resulted in influencing the overall shopping trends in the country to a great extent. The other players in market include Metcash Ltd, Wesfarmers Limited, Kaufland and Amazon grocery division (Retail World 2017). It has been analysed that the overall volume of sales, profits and customer base has been affected by the intense competition within the industry. On the contrary of this, it can be critically argue that Aldi with its discounted pricing strategy has emerged as the biggest threat for all the organizations in the supermarket retail industry. The company is expanding its business operations and activities very rapidly, and this has become the issue for companies such as Coles and Woolworths(Fels 2015). Apart from this, the price competition within the industry is also expected to increase because of the aggressive discounted pricing strategy which has been adopted by brands such as Lidl and Kaufland. The result of this is that Woolworths is not forced to operate with a low price strategy to maintain its existing market share in the industry. The competitive analysis of supermarket and grocery industry of Australia reflects that the duopoly of Coles and Woolworths is affecting adversely because of the increasing competition and entry of new market players(Leigh Triggs 2016). Aldis business strategy emphasizes on factors such as low price, bigger stores, and fresh foods are supporting the brand to attract more and more customers(Sutton-Brady, Kamvounias Taylor 2015). It can be expressed that the existing market players are now facing issues regarding attracting new customers and retaining the old ones.. The bargaining power of buyers in Australia supermarket retail industry is very high, and this has affected the overall prices of businesses operating in the same. The rationale behind high bargaining power is that the customers in the industry are available with a lot of options to choose from(Price 2016). The supermarket retail stores operating in the country are facing issues and challenges in terms of carrying out negotiation with all its customers(Wardle Chang 2015). The demand of private labelled brands among customers in the industry has been increased to a great extent. The result of this is that companies are forced to operate with a more diversified range of private labelled products. On the other side of this, customers in the Australia supermarket and grocery industry are now more interested in buying products at low prices, and they also prefer to shop from bigger retail stores. The brands operating in the industry have been forced to carry out changes in their overall pricing and product strategy to meet the demand of customers(Schultz, Patti Kitchen 2013). Aggressive promotion, strong branding, and low price are the key factors which influence the overall decision making of customers in Australia supermarket and grocery industry. The mentioned above graph represents the products and service segmentation of Australia supermarket and grocery industry. It has been analysed that dry and packaged foods are the most demanded by the customers. Apart from this, milk, dairy products, fresh fruits, vegetables, toiletries, health products, cigarettes, beverages, bread and bakery products are also demanded by customers in the industry. Objectives and Goals The development of business objectives and goals are essential as they provide clear guidelines and directions to companies. Furthermore, short and long term goals help in directing efforts of employees and staff members(Sutton-Brady, Kamvounias Taylor 2015). Challenging goals motivate workers and encourage them to give their best towards success of the enterprise. However, it can be critically argued that organization should emphasize on the formulating goals which are clear, realistic and measureable. The development of business objectives and goals are essential as they provide clear guidelines and directions to companies. Furthermore, short and long-term goals help in directing efforts of employees and staff members(Vernuccio Ceccotti 2015). Challenging goals motivate workers and encourage them to give their best towards the success of the enterprise. However, it can be critically argued that organization should emphasize on the formulating goals which are clear, realistic and measurable. The main and most important goal of Woolworth supermarket is to put its customers on priority in all the business situations. In addition to this, the objective company is to offer a diversified product range to all its customers at prices which competitive(Fels 2015). Developing a strong team and culture which emphasize on generating high degree of customer satisfaction is another important objective of Woolworths. The long-term objective of Woolworths supermarket focuses on reducing the overall cost of operations and carrying out improvements in its existing processes. Developing a cohesive brand is also the key business objective of the selected organization (Woolworths Group 2017). The company invests all its efforts and resources in the accomplishment of these objectives. Furthermore, useful tools of monitoring are employed by the brand to ensure that all efforts and resources are being invested in the right direction. Refreshing stores and upgrading the product offering as per the changing needs and demand of people in the market is another objective of Woolworths. On the contrary of this, it can be critically argued that the organization also emphasizes in areas such as sustainability and it has developed some objectives regarding the same. For example, the companys objective is to adopt more sustainable practices linked with product packaging. At the same time, reducing the carbon emissions, zero waste going to landfill, sustainable sourcing of raw materials and reducing carbon footprints are the key sustainable goals which are developed by Woolworths (Woolworths Group 2017). Marketing Mix Strategies Marketing mix can be defined a set of factors which are managed and taken care by companies to influence the decision-making process of people in the market. The marketing mix of businesses consists of four major factors which are products, price, place, and promotion. These factors are affected by the change in competition, customer needs, and market trends. The marketing mix of Woolworth is mentioned below as: Product - Woolworth is an Australia based supermarket retailer which offers a diversified range of products and services. The core products offered by the company include meat, fresh vegetables, fruits and packed products. The company also emphasize on maintaining high and the best possible level of quality in all its products(Chapman et al. 2014). The result of this is that the brand can acquire the high degree of satisfaction among all its customers. The product range of Woolworth has been positioned in the market as a healthy one, and this has helped in attracting more customers. Different types of quality measurement tools and techniques are employed by the supermarket to ensure high quality of all products delivered. Price At present, the pricing strategy adopted by Woolworth is higher as compared to the price of other players in the market. However, the strategy of selling quality products at slightly higher prices has helped the brand to acquire desired market share. The company has also adopted a reward system for its employees(Ewing Ramaseshan 2015). Here, different types of vouchers and offers are provided to the customers with an objective to increase sales. On the contrary of this, it can be critically argued that the entry of discounted supermarket stores such as Aldi and Lidl has forced Woolworths to lower down its prices to maintain its existing market share. Place The place can be defined as the location from the where products and services are being delivered to the people in the market. It can be expressed that at present the company is operating with more than the 950 stores in the Australia market. It indicates the customers of Woolworth do not face any issues in buying the products because of the availability of stores in different locations. In addition to this, the company also offers its products and services to customers through online medium(Blakeman 2014). Woolworths has developed its e-commerce website and mobile application which makes it very convenient for people in the market to buy the products. The distribution networks of the organization are wide and highly effective. Promotion Woolworths is using both traditional and modern tools for carrying out marketing and promotion of its products and services. Here, radio, television, and newspaper are the key traditional tools which are employed by the brand. The main objective of Woolworth behind using promotional tools is to create more and more awareness among people in the market. On the other hand, it also aims at getting the competitive advantage through its promotional strategies. Online tools such as email social media and internet marketing are also used by the brand. The use of online marketing tools helps in increasing sales and profits of Woolworths. Sales Strategies The sales strategies employed by Woolworths can be termed as quite effective as they have helped the brand in acquiring adequate market share and revenue. The sales strategies of business highlight the essential tools and techniques used by organizations with an objective to increase sales and profits(Biddle 2016). The selected organization aims at acquiring sustainable competitive advantage and enhancement of sales with its marketing and sales strategy. Here, the company has adopted different types of sales strategies to accomplish its objectives. For example, Woolworths has adopted the strategy of the offering better value and quality products to all its customers. The result of this is that the company is able to acquire the higher degree of customer satisfaction and increase its sales. Price reductions can be termed another sales strategy which has been employed by the supermarket retailer. It can be expressed that Woolworths has carried out approximately $125 Million decreases in its prices since the year 2016. The main motive behind these reductions was to encourage more and more people to buy the products offered by Woolworths. The selected business enterprise also focused on matching its online prices with the prices of products and services displayed in the store. The benefit of this is that Woolworths was able to create higher degree of satisfaction among all its customers and retain them for long run. Offering discounts, special coupons, and other benefits is another sale strategy which has been adopted by the company to enhance the volume of sales and profits(Belch et al. 2014). In the present scenario, the competition among businesses operating in the retail supermarket industry of Australia has become highly intense. It means that it is not easy for organizations to attain the desired volume of sales and profits. The rationale behind this is that customers in the industry are available with wide range of options and alternatives to choose from. For the purpose of achieving business goals and objectives, nowadays businesses in the supermarket and grocery industry focus on using different types of sales strategies. Introducing new and innovative products at regular interval is also a sales strategy which has been adopted by Woolworths(Arli et al. 2013). Here, the company emphasize more on carrying out intense market research to identify the changing need and demand of customers in the industry. In addition to this, the use of market research is also carried out with an objective to identify the gap in the existing demand and supply of products/services. Based on the information collected, Woolworths introduces new products and services in the market to customer demands in the best possible manner. Sales strategy such as introducing new products helps in enhancing the overall product portfolio of the brand and thus, supports in increasing the volume of sales(Wardle 2015). On the other side of this, it can be critically argued that high emphasis on development and introduction of new products and services results in increasing the overall operational cost of the selected business enterprise. Boosting up repeat purchase and customer loyalty is also an important sales strategy which has been employed by Woolworths. Here, the supermarket retailer focuses on addressing the issues and problems faced by the customers and resolving them in the best possible manner. This strategy helps the company to encourage customer loyalty and repeat purchase as the customer perceives that the brand is concern about its clients. Instead of focusing on limited marketing and promotional tools, Woolworths concentrate more on using different tools and techniques of marketing. For example, advertisement of products and services is carried out on media such as newspaper, television, and radio(You Barry 2016). In addition to this, online marketing through channels such as emails, social media, and internet. These strategies help Woolworths to enhance its overall brand image, sales, and profitability. Conclusion From the above-conducted research report, it can be concluded that sales and marketing are essential for long-term growth and sustainability of businesses. The environment analysis carried out of Woolworths highlights that the supermarket and grocery industry of Australia have become highly competitive. There was a time when Woolworths and Coles had the duopoly in the entire industry. However, it can be critically argued that the entry of discounted supermarkets such as Aldi and Lidl has resulted in making the existing market more intense. The entry has also forced Woolworths and other market players to reduce their prices to sustain in the market place. The demand for private labelled products among customers has been increased to a great extent. Furthermore, the businesses in the industry are also showing their interest in offering private labelled products because of their high-profit margin. From the above carried out study, it can be concluded that the Woolworths has developed different types of long and short-term goals. In addition to this, the business is also making use of the effective sales strategies to enhance its volume of sales and profitability. The company is offering products and services at prices which are higher than the other market players. In addition to this, online and offline channels of promotion are used by Woolworths. References Arli, V, Dylke, S, Burgess, R, Campus, R Soldo, E 2013, 'Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration. ', Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura, , vol 16, no. 1, pp. 33-45. Belch, GE, Belch, MA, Kerr, GF Powell, I 2014, Advertising: An integrated marketing communication perspective, McGraw-Hill Education., New York. Biddle, I 2016, 'The Wesfarmers/Woolworths duopoly war: ', The Bunnings vs. Masters battle. Busidate, vol 24, no. 3, p. 3. Blakeman, R 2014, Integrated marketing communication: creative strategy from idea to implementation, Rowman Littlefield., Maryland. Chapman, K, Kelly, B, Bauman, A, Innes?Hughes, C Allman?Farinelli, M 2014, 'Trends in the cost of a healthy food basket and fruit and vegetable availability in New South Wales, Australia, between 2006 and 2009.', Nutrition dietetics , vol 71, no. 2, p. 11. Ewing, MT Ramaseshan, B 2015, Integrated marketing communications: Conflicts of interest, politics and performance, Springer, Berlin. Fels, A 2015, 'Current Issues in Competition Policy. ', Australian Economic Review , vol 48, no. 4, pp. 410-416. Greenland, SJ, Greenland, SJ, Johnson, L, Johnson, L, Seifi, S Seifi, S 2016, ' Tobacco manufacturer brand strategy following plain packaging in Australia: implications for social responsibility and policy.', Social Responsibility Journal, vol 12, no. 2, pp. 321-334. Hingley, M, Lindgreen, A Grant, DB 2015, 'Intermediaries in power-laden retail supply chains: An opportunity to improve buyersupplier relationships and collaboration. ', Industrial marketing management, vol 50, no. 4, pp. 78-84. IBIS World 2017, Supermarkets and Grocery Stores in Australia, viewed 27 September 2017, https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-research-reports/retail-trade/food-retailing/supermarkets-grocery-stores.html. Jaafar, J, Kamarul Zaman, NT, Adtrudin, KF, Hasan, S Salleh, MM 2016, 'Critical Success Factors of Retail and Wholesale Industry: A Case Study', International Journal of Supply Chain Management , vol 5, no. 2, pp. 94-100. Leigh, A Triggs, A 2016, 'Markets, monopolies and moguls: The relationship between inequality and competition', Australian Economic Review , vol 49, no. 4, pp. 389-412. Percy, L 2014, Strategic integrated marketing communications, Routledge, Abingdon. Price, R 2016, 'Controlling routine front line service workers: an Australian retail supermarket case. ', Work, employment and society , vol 30, no. 6, pp. 915-931. Retail World 2017, Spotlight on Australias supermarkets and grocery industry, viewed 27 September 2017, https://www.retailworldmagazine.com.au/spotlight-australias-supermarkets-grocery-industry/. Schultz, D, Patti, CH Kitchen, PJ 2013, The evolution of integrated marketing communications: The customer-driven marketplace, Routledge, Abingdon. Sutton-Brady, C, Kamvounias, P Taylor, T 2015, 'A model of supplierretailer power asymmetry in the Australian retail industry.', Industrial marketing management, vol 51, no. 1, pp. 122-130. Taylor, E 2016, 'Mobile payment technologies in retail: a review of potential benefits and risks. ', International Journal of Retail Distribution Management , vol 44, no. 2, pp. 159-177. Vernuccio, M Ceccotti, F 2015, 'Strategic and organisational challenges in the integrated marketing communication paradigm shift: A holistic vision', European Management Journal, pp. 438-449. Wardle, J,2 2015, ' Price-based promotions of alcohol: Legislative consistencies and inconsistencies across the Australian retail, entertainment and media sectors. ', International Journal of Drug Policy , vol 26, no. 5, pp. 522-530. Wardle, JL Chang, S 2015, ' Cross?promotional alcohol discounting in Australia's grocery sector: a barrier to initiatives to curb excessive alcohol consumption?', Australian and New Zealand journal of public health , vol 39, no. 2, pp. 124-128. Woolworths Group 2017, Environment and sustainability, viewed 27 September 2017, https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/community-and-responsibility/group-responsibility/environment. Woolworths Group 2017, Strategy and objectives, viewed 27 September 2017, https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us/our-approach/strategy-and-objectives. You, K Barry, M 2016, ' Intra-industry competition among employer associations: a case study of the retail sector.', Labour Industry: a journal of the social and economic relations of work, vol 26, no. 2, pp. 120-137.